Planning an Expedition to Antarctica

Pg 2 Pg 2 We as a squad up im use be investigating the set up world-wide heating system is having on the Antarctic landscape, we entrust also touch sensation at the effects that the transplant in the Antarctic landscape is having on other factors such as the dispersal of animals. To look at the change we go away look at the site of contraction of the land, the rate of fruitcake break up, the rate of which a lake is created, the flow rate of Moulins, the rate of sea direct increase.As well as this we get out try to determine how the reduction of white land mass will just global melt and at what rate. This will be hard to do but one of the more techniques we will employment will be to take field glass cores. We will stay in Antarctica for 1 year so we can experience the effects of global immediateing over the different seasons we will then sacrif ice-skating rink to Antarctica in 5 years and study the change in data.To meet safety obligations we have created a t raining schedule in which the members of the squad will learn travellls needed for the Antarctic expedition as well as this they will learn first assistant and what to do if situations institute out of lot (situations such as severe weather, avalanches, nose candy storms, or separation of the group) they will also undergo austere testing and psychological assessment to make sure they will be suited to the weather, environment, and lack of genial interaction.This is the training schedule it will span over 2 years and will to separately oneow them to depress to experience what it will be like in Antarctica. They will go to the training place per month for 1-2 weeks. Date Place provision January 13 Snowdonia squad Bonding, Scrambling, Walking February 13 Scotland pass Skills Proficiency*, walking, ice climbing March 13 Lake Di unyielding Winter Skills Progression*, walking, rock climbing April 13 Scotland Winter mountain days, avalanche aw atomic number 18ness, graded pathways May 13 level District wave climbing, navigationJune 13 Snowdonia Rock climbing, abseiling July 13 Swiss Alps 2 weeks, alpine mountaineering, crevasse rescue, avalanche, glacier crossing August 13 Peak District Rock climbing, navigation, first aid September 13 Lake District Rock climbing, navigation, first aid October 13 North Wales Rock climbing, avigation, first aid November 13 North Wales VHF*, competent cluster (sailing), marine engine repair December 13 Scotland Winter movells, skiing, mountain days, ice climbing January 14 Scotland Winter skills, skiing, mountain days, mixed terrain February 14 Scotland Winter skills, skiing, Pulk Training (pullka)* March 14 Nor expression 2 weeks, ski touring, mountaineering April 14 Lake District Winter skills, walking, fitness, rock climbing abseiling May 14 Wye Valley Rock climbingJune 14 North Wales Alpine skills training and Psychological assessment July 14 Alps 2 weeks, alpine mountaineering, crevasse rescue, avalanche, gla cier crossing September 14 North Wales Communications training and Equipment checks October 14 Devon Advanced subaltern boat training November 14 Alps Expedition Rehearsal, final practice of all skills and checking of severally someones specific role/job. *Winter skills proficiency-these atomic number 18 things such as skiing, ice climbing, navigation etcetera Winter skills progression- this is a course furthering skill and knowledge in winter skills proficiency (see above for further details) *VHF- very high frequency during this training they will be taught how to use radios in extreme conditions *Pulk Training (pullka)- is training the company in the use of the Scandinavian pullka a short, low-slung small toboggan utilise in for transport, pulled by a dog or a skier. Pg 3 Pg 3 We have decided to embroil marine training in case they are caught in a situation which requires small boats or ships as the way to evacuate the area.As well as this we understand that we have to f ollow strict impartlines during our visit to Antarctica but as these guidelines are umteen we have scarce been able to list a few to show we fully understand the responsibility we have to the environment. denomination II Freedom of scientific investigation in Antarctica and cooperation toward that end, as applied during the International Geophysical Year, shall continue, subject to the provisions of the present Treaty. Article IIIIn order to promote international cooperation in scientific investigation in Antarctica, as provided for in Article II of the present Treaty, the Contracting Parties agree that, to the greatest extent feasible and functional -a. in shitation regarding plans for scientific programs in Antarctica shall be exchange to permit maximum economy of and efficiency of trading operations -b. scientific personnel shall be exchanged in Antarctica between expeditions and stations -c. scientific observations and results from Antarctica shall be exchanged and made fr eely available.Thither will be trinity police squads positioned at different spots in the Antarctic. This means that the results we get will be varied and will cover more than area this way we can look at the effects over a vast area and see if global warming is affecting different areas at different rates or different ways. Each team will be made up of the identical type of people (for example for each(prenominal) one team would have a photographer). Each team will consist of 9 people, a team leader, a navigator, a photographer, an ecologist, a potamologist, an oceanicographer, a glaciologist, a meteorologist and a doctor/paramedic.Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 Reason Team Leader/ Expedition Leader Team Leader Team Leader You need the team leader to make sure that everyone is doing what they need to be doing navigator Navigator Navigator You need the navigator to be able to provide the route needed and help if the team gets lost as well as this they will be able to mark your positio n on the act. Photographer Photographer Photographer To record the data photographically and to show the change in ice and to create a portfolio of the interrogation data. Ecologist Ecologist Ecologist To study how the change in landscape and temperature would affect the animals (how they would live and the dispersion of them) Potamologist Potamologists Potamologists To study the rivers, Moulins, lakes to see how global warming is affecting that area within the landscape. Oceanographer Oceanographer Oceanographer Would study the rise in sea level, the ocean circulation, and the physical and chemical properties of the ocean, geology of the sea. Glaciologist Glaciologist Glaciologist Would study the ice shifts, the rate of ice melting, and how quickly the ice is retreating. Meteorologist Meteorologist Meteorologist Pg 4 Pg 4 The meteorologist would study the precipitation levels and how this will affect the landscape will this create more avalanches etc. Doctor/Paramedic Doctor/ Paramedic Doctor/Paramedic To help anyone suffering from frostbite and other related ailments. As well as this the doctor/paramedic would be in dilute of the log book and making sure all the equipment is present. The equipment and kit needed for the Antarctic expedition is numerous so the equipment list is provided after the initial document.The clothing needed for the Antarctic expedition comes in many grades the first/base core spirit level is light clothes the next forge is the mid separation layer which is lightweight and trammels body heat then the final/outer layer is the heavysetest layer and is a tough and breathable barrier. Then on that point are the accessories such as the gloves, hats, sock and boots. The expedition will drop from the UK to Santiago and then from Santiago to Ushuaia and will then sail across the Drake Passage from Puerto Williams in chili pepper, to the Antarctic Peninsula.Departure Arrival Company Transport Price per person Price over all Lond on, Heathrow Santiago, Chile Iberia Airplane ? 560 ? 15120 Santiago, Chile Ushuaia, Argentina Lan Airplane ? 243. 76 ? 6581. 52 Ushuaia, Argentina Puerto Williams, Chile gravy boat ? 110 ? 2970 Puerto Williams, Chile Antarctic Peninsula Boat The boat will not be paid for it will be rented and we will use it to travel to the Antarctic Peninsula and to transport the other teams to the other enquiry bases. get along Cost ? 913. 76 24671. 52 To be able to go on this expedition we need givers to livestock it. We will use 6 sponsors. Society/Sponsor fiber of Sponsor Reason for Sponsorship Union of touch Scientists Scientific community-non profitable organisation They fund look for and they are concerned about how global warming is and is going to affect the planet European Science Foundation Scientific community-non profitable organisation They sponsor 11 different research areas one of the ones is polar science this means that they would make headway from this area of science . secretariate of the Antarctic treaty Scientific community-non profitable organisation The information gathitherd during the research would be useable to all the research bases in the Antarctic and to all the countries within the Antarctic treaty. WWF Animal charity and a non-profitable organisation Although the research we are planning to carry out isnt directly linked to animals if we look at the animal dispersion aspect we could help them showing how global warming is Pg 5 Pg 5 ffecting the landscape and how that in turn is affecting the animals Panasonic A company, profitable organisation They are sponsoring us because of the photography side of the expedition and due to this they are providing us with the photographic equipment. Harris A company, profitable organisation They are a communication company so they are helping us with the best transceivers and communicating devices. The route we will take from arriving at the Antarctic Peninsula will differ depending on the te am they belong to.The three places that we are staying are in the Antarctic are the Antarctic Peninsula, Queen Maud Land and the Transantarctic area. On the map below it shows the route each team will take. on that point is a research base here in which team 1 will stay and the other teams for the 1st week and then team one for the domiciliate of the year. Research base-Rothera (UK) There is a research base here in which team 1 will stay and the other teams for the 1st week and then team one for the rest of the year. Research base-Rothera (UK)There is a research base here in which team 2. Research base-Novolazarevskaya (Russian) There is a research base here in which team 2. Research base-Novolazarevskaya (Russian) There is a research base which team 3 will stay at. In this area there are however two research stations. Research base- McMurdo (U. S. ) There is a research base which team 3 will stay at. In this area there are only two research stations. Research base- McMurdo (U. S . ) The research could be used both in the near future and in the far future the research we arPg 5 Pg 5 planning to conduct in Antarctica could be used to determine how global warming is affecting other places and whether the rate of global warming has increase or decreased and by how much, as well as this from the data we collect we can try to determine how large a affright global warming is for example if ocean circulation is changed by global warming then major changes in the climate are very likely. So if we could carry out research and find out whether the ocean circulation is changing then we could try to predict the effects.As well as this by repeating the same expedition in 5 years we will firstly get more accurate results and second we will be able to see if the levels of global warming within the aforementioned sections have increased or decreased and again at what rate. As well as this the research carried out would benefit not just our country but all other countries w ithin the Antarctic treaty and perchance even further afield. fit list-Clothing Clothing Price Layer type Reason Insulated base layer top ? 20 each Base core These will form the basic layers and will be the thinnest and lightest of all the layers.This will help trap air between this primary level and the secondary level forming a good insulator. Insulated base layer trousers Base core Fleece ? 32. 27 each Mid-Insulation layer These will form the secondary layer and will be just slightly thicker and heavier than the previous layer. A well as they will trap air between the layers providing more insulation Insulator trousers ? 41. 96 each Mid-Insulation layer Polar parka ? 96. 99 each outside layer These will form the outer layer and will trap air between the secondary and outer layer.These are the thickest and heaviest of all three layers this is because they have to be windproof and waterproof Down or Synthetic trousers ? 90. 99 each Outer Layer Light weight gloves ? 4. 99 e ach Accessories Depending on how nippy the area is depends on how many layers of gloves you will need. The lightweight glove liners are the first layer, the lightweight gloves are the second layer and the ski mittens are the outer/final layer. They work on the same principles as the clothes this principle is that they trap air between layers Ski Mittens ? 14. 99 each Accessories lightweight glove liners ? . 99 Accessories Balaclava ? 20. 00 each Accessories You lose about 10% of your body heat from your head so this is inherent. Under socks ? 7. 99 each Accessories The under socks are used as layers and like the lightweight glove liners are the first layer so they are light and thin. Socks ? 2. 00 each Accessories The socks are thicker and heavier thermal socks so provide more egis against frore, wind and rain. Mukluks ? 155 each Accessories The mukluks are there as bamboozle shoes they are thick soled and thick so it protects the foot from cold, wind and rain. Neck gaite r ? 5. 99 each Accessories The make do gaiter or a scarf can be used to protect the neck from cold and traps the body heat Ski glasses ? 50. 00 each Accessories These have to be high UV levels they are there to protect the adventurer from snow glare. Equipment list Pg 6 Pg 6 Equipment item Price Type Reason Sleeping bag ? 199. 99 each Sleeping This is thick and well insulated so keeps you warm as well as this most of your clothes will be kept in the quiescence bag when you sleep. Closed cell foam sleeping mat ? . 99 each Sleeping This is there so you are not sleeping straight on the snow and stops some of the cold from coming as well as this it is more comfortable to sleep on. Mountaineering ice ax ? 54. 99 each Climbing It is there to help the crampon get up the mountain this as well as the crampons and ice hammer are essential for climbing. Ice hammer ? 54. 99 each Climbing It is there to help the climber get up the mountain this as well as the crampons and ice axe is es sential for climbing. Crampons ? 9. 90 each Climbing It is there to help the climber get up the mountain this as well as the ice hammer and ice axe is essential for climbing. Climbing Harness ? 59. 95 each Climbing The climbing harness is there to stop the climber from falling when climbing the mountain or glacier. It is there as protection. Personal crevasse rescue kit ? 20. 00 each Climbing This is there in case some member of the team falls into a crevasse this will help them to get back out. Right and left hand ascenders ? 38. 0 each Climbing These are there to attach the rope to the climbing harness. Skis with touring binds ? 350. 00 each Skiing equipment The skis are there to help the explorer travel across the ice sheets and snow. Adjustable ski poles ? 65. 00 as a pair Skiing equipment The adaptable poles are there so any one can use them and they are used to guide the skis in the right direction. Transceiver ? 65. 99 for 5 Skiing equipment The transceiver is there t o give and receive messages to other members of that team and other teams. Avalanche probe ? 29. 0 each Skiing equipment They are a crucial part of the avalanche rescue kit it is there to mark the spot of the person who is under the snowfall caused by the avalanche. Shovel ? 15. 00 each Skiing equipment These are there to dig you, your ski or the ledges out of the snow if they are buried. Ski crampons ? 26. 24 each Skiing equipment These are to help you grip in the snow or on the skis while you are walking or skiing. GPS ? 115. 00 each Navigation The GPS is there so you can determine where you are and the quickest route back if youre lost. Compass ? 15. 0 each Navigation The compass is there for those who do not hold GPS or the GPS has stopped working and so can be used as a navigational tool. Altimeter pump ? 90. 00 each Navigation Altimeter watch is an altimeter, barometer, and compass so can be used in many ways and is very helpful. bring through batteries ? 1. 93 for 8 Navigation Spare batteries for the watch and for the GPS to be used as emergency and when needed. Lightweight group shelter ? 359. 99 for 9 people Emergency This will be used in emergencies if you are caught in a snow storm or if you need to camp out in the first place you reach your destination. Personal first aid kit ? 22 each Emergency This will be used in case you are separated or if Pg 8 Pg 8 you are on a journey and harm yourself. Small repair kit ? 9. 58 each Emergency This could be used to repair skis, boats, snowmobiles or any other equipment needed to be mended Medication - special This is only there for those who suffer from chronic of short term illnesses as well as basic music such as paracetamol, aspirin etc. Food packets ? 5. 00 for 10 packets Additional These will be used on journeys and in emergencies if there is no access to food. Water purifiers ? 30 for 5 Additional This is there if the water runs out and you need to melt ice then it will be essential to emend the water before you drink the water Water ? 10 for 31 litre Additional These will be there if you are on a journey, trek or are caught in an emergency as a form of liquid so as to stop dehydration. Vitamins and minerals ? 20 for 5 jars Additional Are there for any emergencies when the explorer is suffering from a vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Sun cover ? 20. 0 for 4 Additional These are to protect the skin from the high UV level. Lip privacy ? 20. 00 for 5 Additional These are there to protect the lips from the high UV level. By Francesca Steeples 9P All prices were straighten out at the time of printing Pg 1 Pg 1 How Is Global Warming Affecting The Antarctic grace? Contents Introduction pg 2 Training Schedulepg 2-3 Articles/Rules in Antarctic Treatypg 3 Team and Team Memberspg 3-4 Equipment and Kit Listpg 3 and 5-7 Route to Antarcticapg 3 Sponsorspg 3-4 Route in Antarcticapg 4 What the research could be used for in the futurepg 5